Overview of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
An ad hoc network, also known as a self-organizing mesh network, originates from the concept of Mobile Ad Hoc Networking (MANET). The term"Ad Hoc" is derived from Latin, meaning"for the specific purpose only," implying something temporary and specially designed for a particular objective. An Ad Hoc network is a multi-hop, temporary, and self-organizing network composed of a group of mobile terminals equipped with wireless transceivers. It operates without any central control or underlying communication infrastructure, which is why it is also referred to as a wireless ad hoc network. In an Ad Hoc network, all nodes have equal status, and there is no central node responsible for controlling or managing the network. As a result, the failure of any single terminal does not disrupt network communication, making the network highly resilient. Each node not only functions as a regular mobile terminal but also forwards data for other nodes. When the distance between two nodes requiring communication exceeds the range of direct communication, intermediate nodes relay the data to enable communication. In some cases, if the distance between two nodes is too great, data may need to be relayed through multiple intermediate nodes before reaching the destination node.
1. Each node functions as an access terminal server, a wireless router, and an internet gateway.
2. The network operates in a decentralized, distributed, self-organizing, self-adapting, and self-healing manner, supporting dynamic routing and multi-hop relaying in star, linear, mesh, and hybrid topologies.
3. It ensures reliable transmission of point-to-point, point-to-multipoint, and multipoint-to-multipoint IP network traffic, asynchronous data streams, high-definition video, and high-fidelity audio.
4. It provides long-range, high-bandwidth, and low-latency transmission even in challenging environments, such as non-line-of-sight conditions, high mobility, and complex interference scenarios.
Overview of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
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